1.The main material of solar cells is semiconductor silicon.
2. Solar cell is a kind of photoelectric element that can convert energy. Its basic structure is made of p-type and n-type semiconductors. The most basic material of semiconductors is "Silicon", which is non-conductive, but if different impurities are doped into semiconductors, they can be made into p-type and n-type semiconductors.
3. Then, the p-type semiconductor has a hole (the p-type semiconductor has one less negatively charged electron, which can be regarded as one more positive charge), and the potential difference between the p-type semiconductor and the n-type semiconductor has one more free electron to generate a current. Therefore, when the sun shines, the light energy excites the electrons in the silicon atom, resulting in the convection of electrons and holes.
4. These electrons and holes will be affected by the built-in potential, and will be attracted by n-type and p-type semiconductors respectively, and gathered at both ends. At this time, if the outside is connected with electrodes to form a circuit, this is the principle of solar cell power generation.
